Things Fall Apart By Chinua Achebe - 1955 Words

Imagine a person who has been successful and independently for years living by their own personal standards. Now imagine that same person having every aspect of their life changed and controlled by a ruler who says the person’s way of living are outdated and savage. Also, imagine that if that person refuses to follow these new rules, and sticks with their original ways of living, that person will see his or her demise. Would this person be happy? Things Fall Apart, written by Chinua Achebe, is a story written to show Christian missionaries and colonists invading African clans with the intent to take over and reform every aspect of the African clans’ traditional culture, customs, and traditions with their modern culture, customs, and traditions that they are executing their plan wrong, as cultures do not easily blend. In Things Fall Apart, Achebe shows how old culture, customs, and traditions do not easily blend with modern culture, customs, and traditions through the ev ent at Abame, the conflicts between the church and the Ibo clan, and Okonkwo’s ultimate demise and failure. First, Achebe shows how old culture, customs, and traditions do not easily blend with modern culture, customs, and traditions through the event at Abame. In chapter fifteen of Things Fall Apart, when Okonkwo and Obierika are talking, Obierika states â€Å"‘Have you heard,’ asked Obierika, ‘that Abame is no more?’† (Achebe 137). According to Obierika, around the last planting season a white man appeared inShow MoreRelatedThings Fall Apart By Chinua Achebe1415 Words   |  6 Pagesbook Things Fall Apart by Chinua Achebe does just that. This book should be taught in schools because it shows the values and traditions of Achebe’s Igbo culture, persistently teaches life lessons throughout the book, and shows the darker reality of European colonialism in Africa. Chinua Achebe is known as one of the most influential and famous authors to ever write. Chinua Achebe originates from an Igbo background and he expresses that through his writings very well including Things Fall ApartRead MoreThings Fall Apart by Chinua Achebe1324 Words   |  6 Pages Chinua Achebe chose to write his novels in English to reveal a deep response of his people to colonisation and to make that response understood to people all over the world. Things Fall Apart was written in English to teach people worldwide of the struggles he faced and the people of Nigeria faced growing up. Many authors and critics have written about Achebe’s ‘Things fall apart’ adding their valued opinion on what he was trying to say and his decision to write in English. In the followingRead MoreThings Fall Apart By Chinua Achebe Essay1203 Words   |  5 Pages who took their land for monetary gain. This was a dark period of time for Africans that live there. The U.S. Civil War and The Great Depression both can be related, in this instance, to how down their people were because of what happened. Chinua Achebe said it best, â€Å"I would be quite satisfied if my novels...did no more than teach my readers of their past...was not a long night of savagery from which the first European acting on God’s behalf delivered them†(qtd. in â€Å"Morning Yet† 45). In theRead MoreThings Fall Apart By Chinua Achebe1452 Words   |  6 Pagesassume control over the Roman Empire. However, imperialism in Africa remained a recorded element from 1750 to 1945. This paper visits how control and changes were influences over the Africans during this time period as seen through Chinua Achebe’s novel Things Fall Apart. (UKEssays, 2015) Europe was experiencing a few financial and political changes that forced the major European forces to investigate abroad regions to add to their resources during the seventeenth century. In order for the EuropeanRead MoreThings Fall Apart By Chinua Achebe2361 Words   |  10 PagesThings Fall Apart Book Critique Things Fall Apart by Chinua Achebe is a historical fiction novel describing the life of Okonkwo in a Nigerian village succumbing to European ways, in order to portray Achebe’s view on imperialism. It was chosen for us to read by our teacher because it describes imperialism and its effects in an Ibo village of Nigeria. It also shows the treatment of natives by the Europeans and how the natives reacted. Things Fall Apart is useful to our course of studies because itRead MoreThings Fall Apart By Chinua Achebe1265 Words   |  6 PagesThings Fall Apart by Chinua Achebe is markedly relevant to our current course of studies in World History, as it tells a story based on European Imperialism in Africa. Coming off the heels of our Imperialism unit, this post-colonial novel provides very helpful context on different civilizations’ perspectives throughout the Age of Imperialism; aside from analyzing death tolls, descriptions of conflicts, and names of countries, it was previousl y hard to envision what life was actually like during thatRead MoreThings Fall Apart by Chinua Achebe 735 Words   |  3 PagesThings fall apart. Achebe. Ernest Gaines once said, â€Å"I write to try to find out who I am. One of my main themes is manliness. I think Im trying to figure out what manliness really is.† Indeed, every society or culture has its own understanding of an ideal man. Even though these characteristics are different in various parts of the world, the significance of masculinity can never be overestimated. â€Å"Things Fall Apart† by Chinua Achebe is considered as one of the best examples of a riseRead MoreThings Fall Apart by Chinua Achebe692 Words   |  3 Pagesthe way to go. Through commercial trading Islam spread into Igboland, and this led to more Igbo people leaving the Igbo way of life for another, whether it be Islam or Christianity which divide the country in two. In the novel Things Fall Apart written by Chinua Achebe British colonialism and the migration of Muslims to Nigeria led to the change in the faith, social and economic changes in the Igbo society. Traditional Igbo faith believes that there is only one creator or god known as ChinekeRead MoreThings Fall Apart By Chinua Achebe897 Words   |  4 PagesIn the novel, â€Å"Things Fall Apart† by Chinua Achebe the Igbo tradition revolves around structured gender role. Everything essential of Igbo life is based on their gender, which throughout the novel it shows the role of women and the position they hold, from their role in the family household, also planting women crops, to bearing children. Although the women were claimed to be weaker and seemed to be treated as objects, in the Igbo culture the women still provided qualities that make them worthyRead MoreThings Fall Apart By Chinua Achebe Essay1851 Words   |  8 Pageschoice and styles are critical not only to the reader’s understanding of the text but to his appreciation as well. How language is effectively manipulated in their writings enhances the reader’s valuing of the works. The selected novel Things Fall Apart by Chinua Achebe is a representation of Igbo culture and their language. It explores the life of an Igbo tribe at the time of when colonization hit Africa. It could be considered as a post-colonial text, as the protagonist of the story and the other

Essay Mandatory Dress Codes for All Schools! - 485 Words

Dress codes have been an issue lately in some schools. Most kids are against it but I believe that there should be dress codes in all schools. This would be a good idea because it would reduce violence and bullying, eliminate the problem of wearing hats or jackets and they are less expensive. If there were dress codes in school, it would eliminate violence and bullying. If there was a kid who liked to wear a different style of clothing then others, then he would probably get teased or maybe even get beaten up. Also, it reduces violence and makes students behave better because it makes everyone equal, bringing all of the students to the same level. A dress code brings us together, like an athletic team. Were unified, we stand for†¦show more content†¦Lastly, gang members would not be able to wear their colours or symbols, which could reduce gang fights. Dress codes would also eliminate the problem of wearing hats or jackets in school. If teenagers wore jackets in school, you would not be able to tell if they were hiding something in it such as a weapon. Also if they wore jackets with hood on them, you would not be able to identify if they belong at this school or not. The incident at Korah is an example of this. At that school they do not have a dress code and a random guy walked in the girls bathroom and killed a girl. Hats in school are disrespectful and sometimes they could be worn as a gang symbol. Lastly, a school uniform would be less expensive to buy. The families with low-income could buy a school uniform for a cheap price instead of wearing hand me downs or already used clothing and not risk their kids getting made fun of. Also if you buy a uniform it eliminates the hassle of deciding which clothes to wear or buy for school. Lastly if kids buy uniforms they would judge people for what is on the inside rather then what they are wearing. The dress code is one thing that has served to lower crime, violence, and increase attendance and increase learning at a lot of schools. And I think a dress code is itself an important statement, because we want our young children, whether theyre poor or rich or middle class, when theyre in school to define themselves primarily inShow MoreRelatedThe Correlation Between School Uniforms and Violence Essay1243 Words   |  5 PagesIs the absence of school uniforms leading to an up rise of violence between children in public schools? According to the National School Safety Center’s Report on School Associated Violent Deaths, â€Å"Since the 1992-1993 school year, two-hundred seven were shooting victims† (Kelly n pag). According to the U.S. Department of Education’s National Center for Education Statistics (NCES), â€Å"10% of all public schools had one or more serious violent crimes (murder, rape, sexual battery, suicide, physical attackRead MoreSchool Dress Code819 Words   |  4 PagesEnglish 101 Mrs. Stansell December 6 2007 Title: In all schools over the United States students are fighting over clothing. Some children have no respect for themselves when it comes to what they are wearing. They dress like it is a night club or like they are out on a nice sunny day at the beach. This is not appealing to everyone. This is one reason why many schools have gone to school dress codes or uniforms. Dress codes help prevent fighting, many unwanted distraction, and embarrassingRead MoreWhy we need dress codes, argumentative essay MLA.1452 Words   |  6 PagesSchools Need Dress Codes Dress codes in public schooling have recently been a controversial issue nation-wide. Mandatory uniform policys measures and emphasize the benefits of students on specific behavioral and academic outcomes. The arguments for the issue are just as strong as those against the issue. There are two main points surrounding school uniforms: performance and school and reduction of violence due to uniformity. Uniforms are argued to positively affect student safety by: loweringRead MoreSchool Uniforms Should Be Required For Their Freedom Of Expression1548 Words   |  7 PagesSchool uniforms were first introduced in England, in the 16th century. In the beginning it was only for charity purposes, but clothing started to have a different meaning throughout the centuries. The early purposes of wearing school uniforms were not much different than that of today’s. Same clothing can represent togetherness and may also help students no to get distracted. This research paper will take a closer look at why schools should mandate such a policy, supported by details and statisticsRead MoreArgument Against School Uniforms993 Words   |  4 Pagesfor school? School uniform is what makes it easy! A set of clothing that is mainly worn, school uniform is one of the schools policy and recommendation. Generally worn in elementary and middle school, this outfit is composed of specific colors of lon g or short pants and shirts for boys, sometimes with a tie. Girls usually wear a dress or a blouse worn either with a skirt or pants, all however have the same colors. This dress code determines even the type of shoes that should be worn at school. SchoolRead MoreSchool Uniforms And Its Placebo Effect Essay1458 Words   |  6 PagesDecember 2016 School Uniforms and its Placebo Effect School uniforms predominately used in private schools are now becoming increasingly common in public schools throughout the United States. During the 2013- 2014 schoolyear, one in five public schools required students to wear uniforms, which is an increase from the 2003-2004 school year in which one in eight schools required the use of uniforms (US Department of Education and US Department of Justice) first documented use of required dress in educationRead MorePersuasive Essay On School Uniforms979 Words   |  4 PagesThe age old argument of whether or not uniforms and dress codes should be enforced in schools seems to never conclude. The issue of appropriate clothing in schools is controversial and provoking. Many argue that abolishing a student’s choice in their attire violates their freedom of expression. Students use what they wear to express themselves; their clothing gives them a sense of a unique style and identity. Others argue that permitting students to wear whatev er clothing they like can create unnecessaryRead MoreSchools Are For Learning, Not Fashion Essay556 Words   |  3 PagesI thought school was for learning; not for a fashion show. A dress code should be required in all public schools to promote better student behavior, decrease costs to parents and increase school safety by eliminating gang-related clothing. A uniform dress code would curve discipline problems and distractions while improving overall student behavior. By requiring students to adhere to a dress code, learning will be enhanced. For this purpose, a dress code will implement discipline toward learningRead MoreEssay On School Uniforms1388 Words   |  6 PagesStevens Miss. Windish English II 16 October 2017 Dress for Success Many schools have decided that having school uniforms is the best for their students. Other schools don’t want to limit the student’s freedom of speech. Schools can’t decide which is the best - have uniforms or not. School uniforms should be mandatory for all students considering the cost, right to freedom and academic success. One reason why school uniforms should be mandatory is the cost. It is more economical for people becauseRead MorePersuasive Essay On School Uniforms1422 Words   |  6 PagesCatholic elementary school, middle school, and high school. I found it easier to attend and focus on school when wearing the same clothes as everyone else. Today, tiny southern towns even to the nations largest cities, public school uniforms have become so common this year that in many areas, they are no longer the exception, but the rule (Lewin â€Å"Dress for Success: Public School Uniforms†). Imagine a parent’s comfort in knowing their child was being treated as an equal at school each and every day

George Orwells Animal Farm Free Essays

In George Orwell’s Animal Farm, power and control of the farm shifts from Mr. Jones to Snowball and from Snowball to Napoleon. Each, no matter how well their leadership, was corrupted by power in some way as compared to Russian leaders of the time. We will write a custom essay sample on George Orwells Animal Farm or any similar topic only for you Order Now The most corrupt, Napoleon, uses several methods of gaining mocontrol the Handmaids in almost any way they desire. It is clear that the theme of power and control through the depiction of it’s citizens creates a severely oppressive society. This theme is portrayed by the role of government and the patriarchal society. The government strikes fear on its citizens with the Wall and the Salvaging in the Handmaid’s Tale, the military force in V for Vendetta and the outcasting of animals that do not follow orders in Animal farm. Fear and intimidation are used in the texts and furthermore, power is shown through the patriarchal society, which includes the Commanders, the Commander’s Wives, and the Handmaids assigned to them. Overall, the Republic of Gilead institutes power and control in society, therefore forcing its residents into submission and causing them to loose control over their own lives. . re power and luxury.Power and Control â€Å"Once you had the freedom to object, to think and speak as you saw fit, you now have censors and systems of surveillance coercing your conformity and soliciting your submission† (V, â€Å"V for Vendetta†). Throughout history there has been struggle of power and control between a governing body and it’s people. In the movie â€Å"V for Vendetta,† the government has ultimate control over it’s people in a dystopian future, created by a series of strategic events that could be in the near future for the United States. Good morning/afternoon teachers and fellow students. Today I will be talking to you about Power and Control related to my three texts, Animal Farm by George Orwell, V for Vendetta directed by James McTeigue and The Handmaid’s Tale by Margaret Atwood. Yes it is necessary for the government to impose a certain amount of power and control on its citizens in order for a society to function properly. However, too much power and control in a society eliminates the freedom of the residents, forbidding them to live an ordinary life. In the dystopic futuristic novel, The Handmaid’s Tale demonstrates the theme of power and control through an oppressive society called the Republic of Gilead. The government establishes power and control through the use of the Wall, military control, the Salvaging, and the Particicution. The Patriarchal society allows the Commanders to hold immense power over the citizens, while the Commander’s Wives hold the power in the household. Generally, the Handmaids do not hold very much power because they are of a lower class in the Patriarchal society. The Republic of Gilead institutes power and control in society, therefore forcing its residents into submission and leaving them completely helpless in a totalitarian regime. Just like in George Orwell’s Animal Farm, power and control of the farm shifts from Mr. Jones to Snowball and from Snowball to Napoleon. Each, no matter how well their leadership, was corrupted by power in some way as compared to Russian leaders of the time. The most corrupt, Napoleon, uses several methods of gaining more power and luxury. The citizens in The Handmaid’s Tale know that they are constantly under surveillance, so they try their best to conform to avoid getting caught. The patriarchal society is another factor that develops power and control. The Republic of Gilead is male dominated; the Commanders exercise authority over all the citizens. The Commander has a high status in society, as explained by Ofglen when she says, â€Å"He’s way up there†¦ He’s at the top, and I mean the very top. At such time it’s hard to imagine it† (Atwood 262). The Commander’s Wives hold power, for â€Å"they can do almost anything to [the Handmaids]† (Atwood 344). Clearly, the Commander’s Wives are permitted to control the Handmaids in almost any way they desire. It is clear that the theme of power and control through the depiction of it’s citizens creates a severely oppressive society. This theme is portrayed by the role of government and the patriarchal society. The government strikes fear on its citizens with the Wall and the Salvaging in the Handmaid’s Tale, the military force in V for Vendetta and the outcasting of animals that do not follow orders in Animal farm. Fear and intimidation are used in the texts and furthermore, power is shown through the patriarchal society, which includes the Commanders, the Commander’s Wives, and the Handmaids assigned to them. Overall, the Republic of Gilead institutes power and control in society, therefore forcing its residents into submission and causing them to loose control over their own lives. . How to cite George Orwells Animal Farm, Essay examples

Modern Society for European and Canadian Trade -myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theModern Society for European and Canadian Trade. Answer: It is believed that European and Canadian Trade officials met to continue the discussion of the provision of CETA and TTIP (Transatlantic Trade Investment Partnership). The same is deemed to be a threat for ordinary people as it provides more support to foreign investors and big corporations rather than the public organization (Van Harten, 2014). It is one of the main reason due to which same was opposed by Canadian as well as European societies. Present essay revolves around the discussion relating to the reason due to which CANADIAN UNION OF PUBLIC EMPLOYEES society opposed the specified agreements. Moreover, the overall impact of these agreements has also been discussed. Canadian Union of Public Employees CUPE which stands for TheCanadian Union of Public Employee is a trade union of Canada delivering the public sector; however, recently it was in organized workplaces of non-profit as well as para-public. CPE is one of the largest Canadian unions, demonstrating approx 650000 workers engaged in healthcare, universities, transportation, airlines, libraries education, social services, education, public utilities, and emergency services. More than 60% of members of CUPE are females, and one-third is part-time workers. CUPE is in united with CLC (Canadian Labour Congress) and is a leading contributor of finance, History CUPE was first established in 1963 in an industry unionism that resembles fashion through integrating NUPE (National Union of Public Employees) and NUPSE (National Union of Public Service Employees). Stan little was the first national president; previously he was the president of NUPSE. Enclosing a public sector union by which no workers were entitled to strike, Stan has given the authority to bring the public sector unions back to collective bargaining from collective begging. At the time of retirement of Stan, CUPE developed into 210,000 associates and had concealedUnited Steelworkersas a leading member to theCLC Existing organizational structure CUPE has a much-decentralized structure in which every local vote for their own executive, set out its structure, carry out own bargaining, and conduct own votes and further pass on to national and division meeting to structure overarching strategy. Advocated present in the process claim that the authority is put in thegrassrootsto which it relates (Petersman, 2016). CUPEs decentralized structure is defined as the supreme strength as well as the weakness of CUPE. The decentralization of politics is reflected by a decentralization of organization. However, CUPE has its own national headquarters located in Ottawa, and is comparatively small- most of the majority of staff are spread across more than 70 offices throughout the country. Provincial divisions Divisions of CUPE are political members voice in their own internal parts and provinces. Chartered via the national union, every divisional advocate at the level of provinces for strategies, legislative and political change in the standards and interest of members of CUPE. Every division of province is directed by elected president having democratic characteristics, the board of executive and secretary-treasurer who are further led by members at yearly conventions (Healy, 2014). Internal labour relations Employees of CUPE have divided into two key units of bargaining. The CSU (Canadian Staff Union) is the largest group among all. It presents representatives of national level and professional members in that Area office over the 10 CUPE regions. During 2008, CSU engaged the union of managerial and technical members which demonstrated approx 60 managerial and technical members at the national office of Ottawa. Specific concern regarding TTIP or CETA Main objective CETS will be inclusive of controversial, redundant chapter of investment and ISDS (investor-to-state dispute settlement process) that developing countries are denying for better reasons said by the transatlantic statement, been authorized by over 80 organizations of the union of Europe, Quebec and Canada inclusive of Corporate Europe Observatory. These unnecessary protections of companies, constructed upon thousands of contracts of investments and free trade treaties, serving without the intention of social and economical but for undermining the rights of democracy to make a decision on public strategy and public interest regulation. Henckels, (2016) asserted that the concerned statement represents developing conflict in Europe to plans of the Commissions to negotiate the rights of investors in the agreements with CETA and TTIP and Singapore, represents from to experience of global level with investor-to-state argument settlement. This is inclusive in Canada, where recently investor s of NAFTA lawsuits have faced a standstill on an exploration of shale gas, and the two court decisions on the use of pharmaceutical patents. If the CETA is signed and approved with the intact of ISDS, the democracy of Canada and Europe will face problems whole organizations earn tools to bother strategies implemented to safeguard the environment, public services and health, resource protection and significantly to create sustainability in the economy (Hughes and Bell, 2015). All the representative of political at each level of government in the European Union and Canada should entitle the negotiations of investments in CETA to a hold and deny to support the CETA till the elimination of the process of investor-state dispute settlement. Main REASONS OF opposing CETA Existing democracies were undermined by private courts for investors Investors in foreign were offered special rights to the case not in favour of the nation if they had a belief that the reformed laws and regulation created a negative impact on their business (DUD and DUDOV, 2016). At present, Canada is supposed to have significant legal penalties and a growing country. It was approved by both of the countries that rights will be given to Investor Company as per the new acronym. Conversely, the reason for this controversy was that the special rights were given to foreign investors and it resulted in declining of the present court system of EU and Canada. The provision provided freedom to Foreign Service provider in public areas For the first time, a trade agreement regarding the negative list meant for services was negotiated. By considering the consequence, various services have been excluded government of Europe which includes new public services that will be unlocked automatically. Moreover, while competing with the providers of foreign service, this mechanism has been filled by CUPE and other communities as standstill and ratchet section in confine and future liberalisation. Brouse, Nguyen and Lohschelder (2015), stated that it is supposed that this will result in complexities to get the services back under public ownership. Negative impact on long-term patent right relating to drugs It was considered that demand for European Union pharmaceutical patent could increase the current scenario of health care costs of Canadas province by adding up billion in it through protecting patent rights regarding long drugs. An estimate was made by researchers that the reform in the security of patents for pharmaceutical drugs will terminate the cost from $850 million to $1.65 billion on a yearly basis (Wathen, MacGregor and MacQuarrie, 2015). The society of CUPE stands against CETA with other societies as well, as CETA gave provision for creating barriers for the government of Europe in terms of reducing the patent period. Creating hurdles for local economies CETA emphasized to break the provision which was available for providing an advantage to local communities and municipalities. The European Union made efficient efforts for deletion of Canadian buy local programs which ensure the local jobs. The same was analyzed by the Council of Canadians.The laws and provision which assisted local business were targeted by multinational companies so that they able to attain whole profit (Kelly and Bourgeault, 2015). Due to same reason Canadian societies were against. Fundamental Concertns regarding the agreeement as signed Thousands of corporations and organizations were emphasized and manipulated by CETA for not choosing public interest regulation such as to manage the climate change (Butler and Subedi, 2017). Moreover, CETA expands and entrenches even though dispute existed in investor settlement process. In accordance with provision specified by CETA, no claim can be made by a trade union or public in case any environmental, public health or any law has not been followed by the company. Various kinds of obstacles were created by CETA for the government regarding their power to regulate public services and reverse the negative impact of unsuccessful liberalization and privatisations (Kaufman and Taras, 2016). It can be concluded from above discussion that major of the provisions of TTIP was in favour of big corporations and foreign investors. Moreover, they also aimed to target the local economies which directly affected the jobs of local people which were ensured only through the local market. All specification proves CETA as a non-progressive trade deal. De Ville and Siles-Brgge (2015) specified that it could be said that it is a paradigm shift is required towards an inclusive trade policy which is developed after considering the need for people References Brouse, K., Nguyen, V. and Lohschelder, S., 2015. CUSLI expert roundtable report: CETA, TPP, TTIP, and the Canada-US trade relationship.Canada-United States Law Journal,39, pp.202-208. Butler, N. and Subedi, S., 2017. The Future of International Investment Regulation: Towards a World Investment Organisation?.Netherlands International Law Review,64(1), pp.43-72. De Ville, F. and Siles-Brgge, G., 2015.TTIP: The truth about the transatlantic trade and investment partnership. John Wiley Sons. DUD, T. and DUDOV, M., 2016. Growing Skepticism towards Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership in EuropeCauses and Consequences.Editorial Board, p.1. Healy, T., 2014. Canadian and European Unions and the CanadaEU CETA Negotiations.Globalizations,11(1), pp.59-70. Henckels, C., 2016. Protecting Regulatory Autonomy through Greater Precision in Investment Treaties: The TPP, CETA, and TTIP.Journal of International Economic Law,19(1), pp.27-50. Hughes, J. and Bell, D., 2015. Bargaining for contract academic staff at English Canadian universities.WorkingUSA,18(3), pp.377-394. Kaufman, B.E. and Taras, D.G., 2016.Nonunion employee representation: history, contemporary practice and policy. Routledge. Kelly, C. and Bourgeault, I.L., 2015. The Personal Support Worker Program Standard in Ontario: An Alternative to Self-Regulation?.Healthcare Policy,11(2), p.20. Petersmann, E.U., 2016. The European Unions Cosmopolitan Foreign Policy Constitution and Its Disregard in Transatlantic Free Trade Agreements.European Foreign Affairs Review,21(4), pp.449-468. Van Harten, G., 2014. Comments on the European Commissions Approach to Investor-State Arbitration in TTIP and CETA.Browser Download This Paper. Wathen, C.N., MacGregor, J.C. and MacQuarrie, B.J., 2015. The impact of domestic violence in the workplace: results from a pan-Canadian survey.Journal of occupational and environmental medicine,57(7), p.e65.